Vocabulary for TOEFL iBT

54 VOCABULARY FOR TOEFL iBT

COMMON GREEK WORD ROOTS

anthro, andro: man, human

android (a very humanlike machine or robot, especially one made of biologi-

cal materials), anthropology (the social science that studies the origins and

social relationships of human beings)

arch, archi, archy: chief, principal, ruler

architect (one who plans or devises; one who creates plans for buildings),

monarchy (a state ruled by a monarch—a sole and absolute ruler, such as a

king)

auto: self

automatic (operating without external influence or control; having inherent

power of action or motion), autopsy (examination of a dead body to deter-

mine cause of death; seeing with one’s own eyes)

card, cord, cour: heart

cardiac (of or relating to the heart), encourage (to inspire with hope, courage,

or confidence; to give support, hearten)

chron: time

chronic (continuing for a long time; ongoing, habitual; long-lasting or recur-

rent), chronology (the arrangement of events in time; the sequence in which

events occurred)

cli, clin: to lean toward, bend

incline (to lean, slant, slope, or cause to do so; to have a tendency or disposi-

tion toward something), recline (to lie back or down)

cryp: hidden

crypt (an underground vault or chamber, especially one used as a burial place),

cryptography (secret writing; the process or skill of communicating in or

deciphering coded messages)

dem: people

democracy (government by the people through elected representatives), epidemic

(a widespread outbreak of a disease affecting many people at the same time)