CT scan: Shows abscess formation and thickening of bowel wall due to
inflammation.
Sigmoidoscopy: Inflamed tissue visualized.
Colonoscopy: Inflamed tissue visualized.Treatment
Dietary restriction: Limit fiber such as nuts and popcorn during flare-ups.
Nutritional supplementation.
Administer vitamin B 12 and folic acid.
Administer aminosalicylates to induce or maintain remission:- Mesalamine
- Sulfasalazine
- Olsalazine
- Balsalazide
Administer glucocorticoids to reduce inflammation: - Hydrocortisone
- Budesonide
Administer purine analogs to induce or maintain remission: - Azathioprine
- 6-mercaptopurine
Administer methotrexate to induce or maintain remission.
Administer antidiarrheal medications (with caution) to decrease fluid loss: - Diphenoxylate hydrochloride
- Atropine sulfate
Intravenous fluids to maintain hydration.
Surgical correction of intestinal obstruction, fistula, perforation.
Nursing Intervention
Monitor vital signs for temperature increase, pulse increase, and change
in blood pressure.
Monitor intake and output.
Assess abdomen for bowel sounds, tenderness, and masses.
Assess postoperative wound for signs of infection, drainage.
Wound care postoperatively:- Proper skin care if bowel-skin fistula:
Use of drainable pouch with skin wafer.
Cleaning skin promptly if drainage comes in contact with skin. - Nutritional supplementation:
Ensure
Sustacal
Vivonex
Explain the disorder and treatment to the family and about home care
needs.
4(^238) Pediatric Nursing Demystified