Children are also susceptible to scoliosis, which is the lateral curvature of
the spine, and osteomyelitis in which theStaphylococcus aureusbacteria
infects the bone. Some children <16 years of age develop juvenile rheumatoid
arthritis, an autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of connec-
tive tissue and joints resulting in swelling, pain, and limited motion.
Two other disorders that affect children are a slipped capital femoral epi-
physis and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. A combination of a weak epiph-
ysis and a growth spurt can cause a slipped capital femoral epiphysis where
the upper end of the femur is dislocated. Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease is
self-limiting. Disruption of the blood supply to the femoral head results in
necrosis.CHAPTER 13/ Musculoskeletal Conditions^297
FINAL CHECKUP
- What is a fracture where the bone is partially broken and bending called?
a. Hairline fracture
b. Comminuted fracture
c. Greenstick fracture
d. Complete fracture - What causes compartment syndrome?
a. Edema at the site of the fracture
b. Infection
c. Osteomyelitis
d. Nerve damage - What might you conclude if you notice a wide perineum and unequal gluteal
and thigh folds when assessing a newborn?
a. Osteogenesis imperfecta
b. Torticollis
c. Scoliosis
d. Hip dysplasia - Following an upper respiratory infection, the 3-year-old becomes irritable and
lethargic. He has an abrupt fever and swelling and warmth near his knee. What
would you suspect?
a. Otitis media
b. Ototoxic
c. Legg-Calvé-Perthes
d. Osteomyelitis
?