Pediatric Nursing Demystified

Throat

Most conditions affecting the throat present a risk for respiratory distress.

Because the larynx and tracheal areas are smaller in children, obstruction from

swelling is a true danger that requires immediate action by the nurse to prevent

severe oxygen deficit. Actions must be taken to recognize airway obstruction

early and restore an open airway as quickly as possible. Most of these conditions

are addressed in the discussion of respiratory conditions in Chapter 5.

Head

Pediculosis Capitis (Head Lice)

What Went Wrong?

Infestation of the scalp by lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) is a common

parasite invasion among school-age children. The parasite lives by sucking

blood from the host. The female lays nits(eggs) at the base of the hair

shaft, and the nits hatch in a week to 10 days increasing the parasitic

invasion.

Nursing alertLice infestation is often a source of embarrassment for the family

due to association with lack of hygiene. Emphasize to the parents that anyone

can be infected, and the usual cause is shared objects with an infected child and

not lack of cleanliness.

1

CHAPTER 4/ Head and Neck: Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat^65

1. How could dietary habits place a child at risk for dental caries?
   Answer:


2. If the nurse observes aphthous stomatitis, what additional actions may be needed?
   a. Examine the area without wearing gloves to avoid irritation from the latex.
   b. Instruct the child or teen to avoid chewing ice until swelling subsides.
   c. Inform the parents that the child must be sexually active requiring treatment.
   d. Prepare to obtain a culture of the lesion to determine organism involved.
   Answer:

✔ ROUTINE CHECKUP 2