GI $
UNIT
II
Chapter 4: Goal Setting
Chapter 5: Management of Emotion and Effort
Motivational
Strategies
Goal Setting
Emotion and
Effort
Behavioral
Strategies
Time Management
Physical and Social
Environment
Learning and
Study Strategies
Learning from
Textbooks
Learning from
Lectures
Preparing for
Exams
Taking Exams
Academic
The purpose of this unit is to present strategies that can be used to
manage motivation. Chapter 4 deals with goals and goal setting. The
use of goal setting as a self–management strategy is widely used in
business, academic, and sports settings. Goals serve as the basis of
ence how we allocate our attention, how hard we work, and how long
we persist at a task.
Many individuals have experienced goal setting in areas that are
challenging and interesting to them (i.e., a favorite subject, an athletic
especially useful in uninteresting or unchallenging tasks. In these sit-
uations, goals can be used to counteract boredom and apathy by pro-
viding a sense of challenge and purpose (i.e., accomplishing the goal)
that would otherwise be lacking. Hence, goal attainment can generate
feelings of pride, satisfaction, or competence that may not be experi-
enced by simply completing assignments or tasks (Reeve, 1996).
MOTIVATIONAL STRATEGIES
Performance
motivation. Without goals it is difficult to be motivated to achieve.
More specifically, you learned in the previous chapter that goals influ-
contest, or an artistic endeavor). However, goal setting also can be