Advanced High-School Mathematics

(Tina Meador) #1

SECTION 5.3 Concept of Power Series 285


R = limn→∞

∣∣
∣∣

an
an+1

∣∣
∣∣
∣ = limn→∞

(n
2 n

)
(n+1
2 n+1

) = limn→∞^2 n
n+ 1

= 2,

so in this case the radius of convergence is 2, which guarantees that the
power series converges for allxsatisfying− 2 < x <2.


Example 3. Consider the power series


∑∞
n=0

(−1)nxn
n!

.In this case the

radius of convergence is similarly computed:


R = limn→∞

∣∣
∣∣

an
an+1

∣∣
∣∣
∣ = limn→∞

( 1
n!

)
Å
1
(n+1)!

ã = limn→∞n+ 1 = ∞.

This infinite radius of convergence means that the power series


∑∞
n=0

(−1)nxn
n!
actually converges for all real numbersx.


Example 4.We consider here the series


∑∞
n=0

(x+ 2)n
n 2 n

, which has radius

of convergence


R = limn→∞
(n+ 1)2n+1
n 2 n

= 2.

This means that the series will converge where|x+ 2|<2, i.e., where
− 4 < x <0.


Example 5. Here we consider the power series


∑∞
n=0

nx^2 n
2 n

. The radius


of convergence is


R = limn→∞

n
2 n

·

2 n+1
2(n+ 1)

= 2.

But this is a power series in x^2 and so will converge ifx^2 < 2. This
gives convergence on the interval−



2 < x <


2.
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