phonetic notationn
also phonetic script
see notation, phonetic symbols
phoneticsnphoneticadj
the study of speech sounds. There are three main areas of phonetics:
1 Articulatory phonetics deals with the way in which speech sounds are
produced. Sounds are usually classified according to the position of the
lips and the tongue, how far open the mouth is, whether or not the vocal
cords are vibrating, etc.
2 Acoustic phonetics deals with the transmission of speech sounds through
the air. When a speech sound is produced it causes minor air disturbances
(sound waves). Various instruments are used to measure the character-
istics of these sound waves.
3 Auditory phonetics deals with how speech sounds are perceived by the
listener.
For example, a listener may perceive:
a differences in aspiratione.g. between the aspirated /p/ of [phit] pitand
the unaspirated /p/ of [tip] tip.
b other differences in sound quality, e.g. between the “clear” /i/ of [lait]
light and the “dark” /i/ of [hi] hill.
see also phonemics, phonology
phonetic scriptn
another term for phonetic notation
see notation, phonetic symbols
phonetic symbolsn
special alphabetic or other typographical characters which express the
sounds of an actual spoken utterance in writing. A transcription of such
an utterance in phonetic symbols is said to be in phonetic notationor script.
For example, the sound which is written sh in English, sch in German and
ch in French can be expressed by symbols [à] or [R], e.g. English [àip] ship,
German [àif]Schiff “ship”, French [àik] chic “smart, stylish”.
see also international phonetic alphabet, notation, phonetics
phonicsn
also phonetic method
a method of teaching children to read. It is commonly used in teaching reading
in the mother tongue.
Children are taught to recognize the relationship between letters and sounds.
They are taught the sounds which the letters of the alphabet represent, and
phonetic notation