reflexive pronoun n
a form of a pronounwhich is used when the direct or indirect objectin a
sentence refers to the same person or thing as the subject of the sentence. In
English these are formed in the same way as emphatic pronouns, i.e. by
adding, -self, -selves to the pronoun, as in:
I hurt myself:
reflexive verb n
a verb used so as to imply that the subject is doing something to himself or
herself.
In English, this is typically expressed by means of a reflexive pronoun
added to the verb, e.g. They hurt themselves. But the same meaning may be
expressed by the verb on its own, as in I was shaving.
reformulation n
an error correction technique in which a teacher reformulates a learner’s
written or spoken language, keeping the same content but re-encoding it to
approximate target language norms more closely. A reformulation of speech
in interaction is also referred to as a recast.
regional dialect n
also geographic dialect
a dialect associated with speakers living in a particular location. These may
include national varieties of English (e.g. American versus British), as well
as dialects within a country such as New England, Midland and Southern
dialects in the US and the northern and southern English dialects in Britain.
regional language n
a language that is spoken in part of a country. For example, Cantonese is a
regional language of Guangdong and nearby areas in China, and Catalan is
a regional language in parts of both Spain and France.
see also community language, minority language, majority lan-
guage, national language, official language
regional variation n
variation in speech according to the particular area where a speaker comes
from (see dialect). Variation may occur with respect to pronunciation,
vocabulary, or syntax.
For example, in the southwest of England and in the American Midwest,
many speakers use an /r/ sound in words such as her, four, part, whereas
speakers from some other places, such as the London region and New
England, do not.
reflexive pronoun