TKT n
also Teaching Knowledge Test
a test from Cambridge ESOL for teachers of English to speakers of other
languages that may be taken by teachers at any stage of their career. It
forms part of a framework that includes the celtaand delta. Like these
two exams, the TKT covers subject knowledge, pedagogical knowledge,
and pedagogical content, but it does not attempt to assess knowledge of
teaching ability or practical classroom skills.
T-list n
a form of notetaking in which the main ideas from a passage are noted on
the left side of a page and the corresponding details are listed on the right.
The “T” is derived from the fact that the learner makes a vertical line to
separate the main ideas from the details and a horizontal line at the top of
the page on which to write the words “main ideas” and “details”.
see also outline
TOEFL test n
also TOEFL
an acronym for the Test of English as a Foreign Language, a standardized
test of English proficiency administered by the Educational Testing
Service, and widely used to measure the English-language proficiency of
foreign students wishing to enter American universities.
TOEIC n
an abbreviation for test of english for international communication
token n
see type
tone^1 n
height of pitchand change of pitch which is associated with the pronunci-
ation of syllables or words and which affects the meaning of the word.
A tone language is a language in which the meaning of a word depends on
the tone used when pronouncing it.
For example, Mandarin Chinese, a tone language, makes a distinction
between four different tones:
m 1 (high level tone) “mother”
má (high rising tone) “hemp”
mA(fall-rise) “horse”
mà (high falling tone) “scold”
Other tone languages are spoken in Vietnam, Thailand, West Africa, and
Central America.
tone