Medical Surgical Nursing

(Tina Sui) #1

Nursing intervention


Explain importance of monthly breast self-examination

Encourage patient to seek medical evaluation if nodule forms, because cystic
disease may interfere with early diagnosis of breast malignancy

Malignant Neoplasms: Breast Cancer


Second major cause of cancer death among women. Statistics indicate that 1 in 10 will


develop cancer sometime during her life.


The key to cure is early detection by physical examination, mammography, and breast


self-examination.


Risk factors for Breast Cancer


Female gender

Increasing age

Personal history of breast cancer

Family history of breast cancer

Genetic mutations (BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 mutations are responsible for majority of
inherited breast cancer cases)

Late menopause

Nulliparity

Hormonal factors: Early menarche, First child after 30 years of age, Hormone
therapy (HT)

Exposure to ionizing radiation during adolescence and early adulthood

History of benign proliferative breast disease
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