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general acceptance, particularly in academic circles. Nevertheless, kung fu

continues to be used in Hong Kong and other areas outside mainland

China, as well as internationally in the popular media.

Thomas A. Green

See alsoAnimal and Imitative Systems in Chinese Martial Arts; Boxing,

Chinese; Boxing, Chinese Shaolin Styles

References

Amos, Daniel M. 1997. “A Hong Kong Southern Praying Mantis Cult.”

Journal of the Asian Martial Arts6: 31–61.

Draeger, Donn, and Robert Smith. 1981. Comprehensive Asian Fighting

Arts.Tokyo: Kodansha International.

Parker, Ed. 1963.Secrets of Chinese Karate.Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-

Hall.

Reid, Howard, and Michael Croucher. 1983. The Way of the Warrior.

Woodstock, NY: Overlook Press.

Smith, Robert. 1974. Chinese Boxing: Masters and Methods.Tokyo:

Kodansha International.

Kwoon

See Training Area

Kung Fu/Gung Fu/Gongfu 315

Two young women demonstrate Chinese boxing (popularly known as kung fu) in a public square in San Francisco,
February 9, 1979. (Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis)