exists that can be started at green glove. Specialized training in how to
teach, the logic behind the methods of training, and the techniques are re-
quired. The colored sash recognizes teaching rank: orange for coach, pur-
ple for initiateur (one who initiates), maroon for aide moniteur (assistant
monitor), and black and green for moniteur (monitor). Those who hold the
honorific titles of professeur, maitre, and grande maitre wear black and
red, red, and white or pure white respectively. Of the technical ranks, sil-
ver gloves wear a black and blue sash.
Students are also classed as élèves(students), disciples (disciples), and
donneurs (teachers). Anyone below the silver glove is an élève unless he has
earned a teaching rank. The silver gloves and instructors below moniteur
are considered disciples, or apprentices. This implies a personal relation-
ship with a professeur who trains them in the art. Moniteurs and higher are
called donneurs, as they give back to the art.
Kevin P. Menard
See alsoBoxing, European; Capoeira; Dueling; Europe; Masters of Defence;
Pankration; Stickfighting, Non-Asian; Swordsmanship, European
Renaissance
References
Brown, Terry. 1997. English Martial Arts.London: Anglo-Saxon Books.
Buitron, Paul-Raymond. 1998. Encyclopedia of Danse de Rue Savate.
Laredo, TX: Border Studies Press.
Chronif Alter Kampftünfte.1997. Berlin, Germany: Verlag Weinmann.
Delahyde, Michel. 1991.Savate, Chausson, and Boxe Française.Paris:
Editions François Reder.
Devost, Pierre. 1885. Manuel de la Boxe-Française et Anglaise: Methode
LeBoucher. Paris: Librairie de Jules Taride.
Raisin, Lydie, and Richard Sylla. 1987. Boxe Française.Paris: Robert
Laffont.
Reed, Philip, and Richard Muggeridge. 1985. Savate. Boulder, CO: Paladin
Press.
Talhoffer Fechtbuch.Reprint of 1447 edition. Cambridge, MA: Historical
Reprints.Silat
This Southeast Asian martial system is known variously as silat(Indonesia,
the Philippines), silek (Indonesia), and bersilat(Malaysia). The term silatis
generally agreed to mean “combat” or “fighting” and is commonly cou-
pled with a modifier such as ber(Malay; to do) or pencak/pentjak(In-
donesian; translated by Draeger and Smith as “regulated, skillful body
movements” [1980, 178]). The system is based on indigenous Indonesian
combat arts, with primary influence from India and China. Silat employs
striking with both hands and feet, throws, and locks. A variety of weapons
are integrated along with unarmed techniques in silat curricula. Techniques524 Silat