Alexander III, Pope (reigned 1159-1181), 433 *
Alexander VI, Pope (reigned 1492-1503), 498 499, 505 , 506 , 508 , 510
, 511
Alexander the grammarian, 265
Alexander the Great, King of Macedon ( 356 323 B.C.), 211 , 218 -222,
231 , 241 , 252 , 313 , 592 , 739 ; and Aristotle, 160 , 161 , 184 , 194 ,
276 ; cities founded by, 226 , 227 ; conquests of, 13 *, 225 , 271 , 279 ;
effect of, 101 , 160 -161, 218 , 227 , 273 , 281 , 282 , 476 , 503 ; and
politics, 509 , 598
Alexander the Paphlagonian, Roman impostor (fl. 2nd cent.), 279 -280
Alexander the Platonist, 265
Alexander Severus (Marcus Alexianus Bassianus Aurelius Severus
Alexander), Roman Emperor ( 208 ?- 235 ), 280
Alexandria, 211 , 221 , 226 , 232 , 287 ; and Christianity, 326 , 333 , 368
, 369 , 390 , 392 ; and culture, 61 , 217 , 223 , 283 , 326 ; and Jews, 316 ,
317 , 321
Alfarabi. See Farabi, alAlfred the Great, King of the West Saxons
( 849899), 382 , 403
Algazel. See Ghazzali, alalgebra, 36 , 283 , 423 , 560 , 663 , 664
Algoritmi de numero Indorum (al-Khwarazmi), 423 All ('All ibn-abi-
Talib), son-in-law of Mahomet ( 600 ?- 661 ), 421
almsgiving, 308 , 314 , 329
alphabet, 10
Alphonso V, King of Aragon, Sicily, and Naples ( 1385-1458), 483 , 499
Altdorf, 581
Amasis II, King of Egypt (reigned ca. 569 -525 B. C.), 30
Ambrose, St., Bishop of Milan ( 340?-397), 334 341, 373 , 517 , 553 ,
782 ; and St. Augustine, 306 , 350 , 352 ; and Church and State, 306 ,
335 , 344 , 382 , 402 , 413 , 478 ; influences philosophy, 307 ; quoted,
337 , 338 , 339 , 340
America, 193 , 500 , 622 , 636 , 637 , 647 , 648 , 776 ; and Christianity,
285 ; and culture, 74 , 75 , 679 , 719 , 789 ; and Hegel, 730 , 739 ; and
liberalism, 599 -600, 643 ; and Locke, 555 , 630 , 631. See also United
States American philosophy, 811 , 819 , 827
American Revolution, 491 , 646 , 723 , 771
Ammon, 219
Ammonius Saccas, Alexandrian philosopher, founder of Neoplatonism
(fl. 3rd cent.), 287 , 327