INDEX 1469initgroups(), 179–180, 800
prototype, 179
initial thread, 622
initialized data segment, 116, 117, 118,
1019, 1025
initSemAvailable(), 989–990
code of implementation, 990
example of use, 1004
initSemInUse(), 989–990
code of implementation, 990
example of use, 1004
INLCR constant, 1296, 1302
example of use, 1311
ino_t data type, 64, 280, 353
i-node, 95, 256–259
diagram, 95, 258, 340
i-node flag, 304–308
i-node number, 64, 256, 281, 341
i-node table, 256, 340
inotify (file system event notification)
read() interrupted by signal
handler, 444
read() interrupted by stop signal, 445
inotify (notification of file-system events),
375–385
inotify_add_watch(), 376, 377
example of use, 383
prototype, 377
inotify_event structure, 379–381
definition, 379
diagram, 380
example of use, 382
inotify_init(), 376–377
example of use, 383
prototype, 376
inotify_init1(), 377
inotify_rm_watch(), 376, 378
prototype, 378
INPCK constant, 1302, 1305
example of use, 1311
Institute of Electrical and Electronic
Engineers (IEEE), 11
int32_t data type, 472, 593, 819
International Standards Organization
(ISO), 11
internationalization, 200
internet, 1179
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
(IANA), 1189
Internet Control Message Protocol
(ICMP), 1181
Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF), 1193
Internet Group Management Protocol
(IGMP), 1181
Internet protocol (IP). See IP
Internet Society, 1193
Internet superserver daemon (inetd), 768,
1247–1251
Internet Systems Consortium, 1210
interpreter, 572
interpreter script, 572–575
interprocess communication (IPC), 37,
877–887
performance, 887
persistence of IPC objects, 886
taxonomy of facilities, diagram, 878
interrupt character, 392, 1296, 1297
interruptible sleep state, 451
interval timer, 479–485, 614
scheduling and accuracy, 485
intmax_t data type, 66
intquit.c, 401
INTR terminal special character, 1296,
1297, 1303, 1305
invalid memory reference, 393
I/O
asynchronous I/O, POSIX, 613,
1327, 1347
buffering. See buffering of file I/O
direct, 246–248
event, 1327
file. See file I/O
large file, 76, 104–107
memory-mapped, 1019, 1026–1027
multiplexed, 1327, 1330–1346
nonblocking, 77, 103–104, 915–917,
1326, 1330
signal-driven, 75, 95, 1327,
1346–1355, 1367
synchronous, 241–243
io_getevents(), interrupted by signal
handler, 444
ioctl(), 72, 86, 308, 1293, 1319
example of use, 1320, 1387
interrupted by signal handler, 443
prototype, 86
ioperm(), 801
iopl(), 801
IOPRIO_CLASS_RT constant, 801
ioprio_set(), 801
IOV_MAX constant, 100
iovec structure, 99–100, 102
definition, 99
example of use, 101
IP (Internet protocol), 1184–1186,
1193, 1439
address, 1186–1188
datagram, 1184
duplication of, 1185