Medical-surgical Nursing Demystified

(Sean Pound) #1

CHAPTER 5 Nervous System^243


NURSING DIAGNOSES



  • Impaired physical mobility

  • Impaired verbal communication

  • Ineffective air exchange

  • Self-care deficit


NURSING INTERVENTION



  • Encourage frequent rest periods.

  • Monitor vital signs.

  • Monitor nutritional intake.

  • Monitor weight.

  • Monitor neurologic status for changes in pupil reaction, extraocular move-
    ments, eyelid movement, facial symmetry, hand grip strength, coordination,
    fine motor skills, and gait.

  • Monitor respiratory status for changes in rate, effort, skin color, use of acces-
    sory muscles, or change in mental status.

  • Monitor gag reflex.

  • Arrange for appropriate communication with staff if patient is unable to use
    call bell system or unable to be heard over intercom from room.

  • Explain to the patient:

    • Home care needs.

    • Medication use; need to maintain time schedule for medications.

    • Time meals one hour after medications to decrease chance of aspiration.

    • Teach use of oral-pharyngeal suctioning catheter to clear secretions.

    • Avoid heat extremes (hot tubs, saunas).

    • Alcohol may exacerbate symptoms.




Parkinson’s Disease


WHAT WENT WRONG?


There is a gradual degeneration of the midbrain area known as the substantia nigra.
The neurons use the neurotransmitter dopamine to send their signals from cell to


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