(^256) Medical-Surgical Nursing Demystified
CT scan with or without Contrast
Practitioner may do an initial test without contrast for first images and then give
contrast and repeat images to compare. Done to check for bleeding, tumor, abscess,
infarction, and hydrocephalus.CT Angiography
This creates a three-dimensional reconstruction of the vasculature within the area
imaged.Cerebral Angiography
Contrast is injected to visualize the cerebral circulation, carotid, and vertebral
arteries. This test is done to identify aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations,
traumatic injuries, strictures, occlusions, and tumors.
The head is immobilized during the test. Wire is inserted via the femoral arte-
rial site and passed to the carotid or vertebral vessel under fluoroscopic guidance.
Contrast dye is injected so three-dimensional images can be obtained.
After the test, you need to monitor vital signs and perform neurologic checks
and neurovascular checks of the extremity (capillary refill, peripheral pulses, skin
color, and temperature). Check for bleeding at the site.EEG
This test records the electrical activity from the cerebral hemispheres of the brain and
creates a graphic recording. It determines general brain activity as well as the site of
origin of seizure activity. It is also used to diagnose sleep disorders and determine
brain death.Lumbar Puncture
A spinal needle is inserted into subarachnoid space at level of L3–L4 or L4–L5
with patient lying on side with knees drawn up to chest. This test is performed
under local anesthesia.