CHAPTER 14 Women’s Health^521
- Breast enlargement
- Softening of cervix
- Increased pigmentation and enlargement of areolae
- Chadwick’s sign—vagina and cervix show a blue hue from increased vas-
culature
INTERPRETING TEST RESULTS
- Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG):
- plasma hCG—positive 3 to 4 weeks after LMP.
- urine hCG—positive one week after first missed menses.
- serum hCG—will also be elevated in ectopic pregnancy, trophoblastic
tumors.
- Fetal heart tones—a positive test of pregnancy.
- Ultrasound—confirms pregnancy.
TREATMENTS
- Regular visits with health care provider.
- Prenatal vitamins.
- Routine labwork.
- Ultrasound.
NURSING DIAGNOSES
- Altered nutrition
- Body image disturbance
NURSING INTERVENTIONS
- Discuss bodily changes.
- Stress importance of prenatal vitamins.
- Reinforce diet, exercise.