Longitude, 415, 416, 416
(ill.)
Lorenz, Edward Norton, 34
The Lost World: Jurassic
Park(movie), 457
Lotka, Alfred James, 321
Lotka-Volterra Interspecific
Competition Logistic
Equations, 321
Lottery, 429, 430
Low Density Lipoprotein,
407–8, 409
Lower-bound, 214
Loyd, Samuel, 424
Lucky numbers, 385
Lunar-based calendars, 60M
M1 and M2 indicators, 392
MacTutor History of Mathe-
matics(Web site), 461
Magic square, 438, 438 (ill.)
Magnetic Resonance Imag-
ing (MRI), 245
Magnetism, 279
Magnitude, 237
Mailing address, 403
Mainframe, 364–65, 365 (ill.)
Major arc, 184
Ma’mum, al-, 21
The Man Who Loved Only
Numbers: The Story of
Paul Erdos and the Search
for Mathematical Truth
(Hoffman), 453
Mandelbrot, Benoit, 35–36
Mannheim, Victor Mayer
Amédée, 358
Maor, Eli, 453
Map, 417, 419
Margolis, Mark, 457
Mariana Trench, 302
Market indexes, 391
Mars Climate Orbiter, 293
Mass, 277, 277 (ill.), 465
Mass units, 53
Materials science, 340–41,
341 (ill.)
Math Archives—History of
Mathematics(Web site),
461Math Curse(Scieszka and
Smith), 456
Math Forum(Web site),
459–60
Math Horizons(magazine),
451
Mathematical analysis. See
alsoCalculus; Differential
calculus; Differential equa-
tions; Integral calculus;
Vectors
Archimedes, 210–11
definition of, 209
development of, 209–10
Greeks, 209–10
Newton, Sir Isaac,
211–12, 212 (ill.)
sequence, 213–15, 216
series, 215–16, 217
Mathematical Association of
America, 443–44, 446
Mathematical astronomy, 29
Mathematical biology,
314–15
Mathematical Gazette(mag-
azine), 450
Mathematical institutions,
444–45
Mathematical logic, 107, 108
Mathematical medicine, 392
Mathematical models,
266–68, 268 (ill.)
Mathematical operations.
See alsoArithmetic; Num-
bers
addition, 91–92
addition symbol, 93
common types of, 141
cube, 97
cube root, 97
division, 95–96
division symbols, 95–96
equal sign, 91, 92, 93
factor, 97
factorization, 97
greatest common factor,
98
inverse, 94
least common denomina-
tor, 96–97
least common multiple,
96multiplication, 93–94
multiplication symbols,
94
prime factorization, 98
root, 97
square, 97
square roots, 97
subtraction, 92–93
subtraction symbol, 93
Mathematical physics, 276
Mathematical proofs, 367,
367 (ill.)
Mathematical sculptures,
377–78
Mathematical space, 168–69
Mathematical Spectrum
(magazine), 450
The Mathematical Tourist:
New and Updated Snap-
shots of Modern Mathe-
matics(Peterson), 454
Mathematics
counting, 5
first humans to use sim-
ple forms of, 3, 4 (ill.)
foundations of, 103
Greeks, 15
need for, 5
origin of, 3
science of quality, 3
seventeenth-century
boom in growth of, 24
Mathematics Awareness
Month, 445
Mathematics books, 452–57
Mathematics Magazine, 451
Mathematics magazines,
450–52. See alsoOnline
magazines
Mathematics online maga-
zines, 458–59. See also
Mathematics magazines
Mathematics societies,
446–48
Mathematikoi, 383–84
Mathpuzzle.com(Web site),
462
MathWorld(Web site), 460
Matrix, 156–60
Matsuzaki, Kiyoshi, 359
Max Planck Institute for
496 Mathematics, 445Handy Math BM 8/19/07 5:18 PM Page 496