This improves circulating blood volume and prevents hypotension or
shock during the procedure.- Corticosteroids are given when there is no response to previous lines
of treatment. Minimal change glomerulonephritis gives the best
response while mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis is always
steroid resistant. Other types of primary glomerulopathy are in
between. For patients with secondary glomerulonephritis, steroids
are given if indicated for the causative disease as in SLE but not in
D.M. The dose and duration of steroid treatment depends on the type
of disease and response. In primary (idiopathic) minimal change
nephritis 40-60 mg daily prednisone are given orally (for children 1-
2 mg/kg/d), for 4-6 weeks followed by gradual withdrawal. - Other immunosuppressive drugs as cyclophosphamide, azathioprine
and ciclosporin are indicated in selected cases.
ACUTE POST-STREPTOCOCCAL
GLOMERULONEPHRITIS10% of patients infected with nephritogenic strains of group A, ß-
haemolytic streptococci will develop glomerulonephritis.
Streptococcal infection may be pharyngeal or skin infection. The period
between infection and the appearance of glomerulonephritis (latent
period) is 1-3 weeks for pharyngeal infection and 2-4 weeks for skin
infection.
Children are more affected than adults and males are more than females.
Clinical picture: