Medical Terminology Simplified

A. Inspiration:

Air drawn into lungs

Lungs

expand

Diaphragm contracts

and flattens

Pectoralis

minor

muscles

contract

Intercostal

muscles

contract

Sternocleidomastoid

muscle elevates

sternum

B. Expiration:

Air forced out of lungs

Lungs

contract

Pectoralis

minor

muscles

relax

Intercostal

muscles

relax

Diaphragm relaxes

and moves up

4–84 Identify words in Figure 4–6 that mean process of breathing air

into the lungs:

out of the lungs:

4–85 During inspiration, the diaphragm and the inter/cost/al muscles contract.

As their name implies, the muscles between adjacent ribs are known as the

/ / muscles.

4–86 Examine Figure 4–6A and B and use the term ascends or descends to com-

plete this frame.

During inspiration (or inhalation), the diaphragm.

During expiration (or exhalation), the diaphragm.

4–87 Recall that aer/ois the CF for.

4–88 Aer/o/phobia is a fear of air, drafts of air, airborne influences, or “bad air”

(body odor).

The medical word that means fear of air is

/ /.

Frame 4–77to Frame 4–88

Respiratory System • CHAPTER 4 127

Figure 4-6Position of the diaphragm during (A)inspiration and (B)expiration.

inter/cost/al

ĭn-tĕr-KŎS-tăl

aer/o/phobia

ĕr-ō-FŌ-bē-ă

descends

ascends

inspiration or inhalation

ĭn-spĭ-RĀ-shŭn,

ĭn-hă-LĀ-shŭn

expiration or exhalation

ĕks-pĭ-RĀ-shŭn,

ĕks-hă-LĀ-shŭn

A B

air