Medical Terminology Simplified

6–37 The funnel-shaped pharynx serves as a passageway to the respiratory and GI

tracts and provides a resonating chamber for speech sounds. Use the CF pharyng/o

(throat) to construct words that mean

inflammation of the throat: ____________________ / __________

pain in the throat: ____________________ / _____ / ____________________ or

____________________ / ____________________

6–38 Food is propelled through the GI tract by coordinated, rhythmic muscle

contractions called peristalsis. (See Fig. 6–1.)

The bolus is transported to the stomach by involuntary muscle contractions known

as ____________________.

6–39 Gastr/ic juices in the stomach coupled with mechanical churning turn the

bolus into a semiliquid mass called chyme. The chyme slowly leaves the stomach and

continues the process of digestion as it enters the first part of the small intestine

(duodenum). Review Figure 6–1 to follow the digestive path of the bolus as it enters

the duodenum.

Competency Verification:Check your labeling of Figure 6–2 with the answers in Appendix B: Answer Key, page 578.

6–40 Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is a condition in which the lining of the esopha-

gus, stomach, or duodenum is eroded, usually from infection with Helicobacter pylori

bacteria. Ulcers are named by their location: esophag/eal, gastr/ic,or duoden/al.

Peptic ulcers that occur in the small intestine are called duoden/al ulcers;peptic

ulcers that occur in the esophagus are called

____________________ / ____________________; peptic ulcers that occur in the

stomach are called __________ / ____________________.

6–41 The erosion in the lining of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum in

PUD can also be due to an increase in the concentration of hydrochloric acid and

pepsin. As a result, the damaged mucosa is unable to secrete enough mucus to act as a

barrier against the acid, which, combined with hypersecretion of acid, creates a large

amount of acid moving into the duodenum. As a result, peptic ulcers occur more

commonly in the duodenum. Use muc/oto build a term meaning

resembling mucus:__________ / __________

pertaining to mucus:__________ / __________

6–42 Gastr/ic ulcers may cause severe pain and inflammation of the stomach. A medical

term that means inflammation of the stomachis ____________________ / __________.

PUD is the abbreviation for ____________________ ____________________

____________________.

6–43 Gastr/o/dynia is the medical term for pain in the stomach. Another term that

means pain in the stomachis ____________________ / ____________________.

Frame 6–29to Frame 6–43

Upper GI Tract • CHAPTER 6 227227

pharyng/itis

pharyng/o/dynia or

pharyng/algia

fă-RĬNG-gō-dĭn-ē-ă,

făr-ĭn-GĂL-jē-ă

peristalsis

pĕr-ĭ-STĂL-sĭs

esophag/eal ulcers,

gastr/ic ulcers

ē-sŏf-ă-JĒ-ăl, GĂS-trĭk

muc/oid

MŪ-koyd

muc/ous

MŪ-kŭs

gastr/itis, peptic ulcer

disease

găs-TRĪ-tĭs

gastr/algia

găs-TRĂL-jē-ă