Medical Terminology Simplified

6–119 Stenosis refers to a narrowing or stricture of a passageway or orifice. This

condition may result in an obstruction. Stenosis may also be used as a suffix. A

narrowing or stricture of the pylorus is called pyloric ____________________.

6–120 Rect/o/stenosis is a narrowing or stricture of the rectum.Determine ele-

ments in this frame that mean

rectum:__________ / _____

narrowing, stricture:____________________

6–121 The CF proct/orefers to the anus and rectum.Locate the anus and rectum

in Figure 6–1.

Inflammation of the anus and rectum is known as

____________________ / __________.

6–122 The word spasm refers to an involuntary contraction or twitching.It is also

used in medical words as a suffix.

Rect/o/spasm is an involuntary contraction of the ____________________.

Proct/o/spasm is an involuntary contraction of the ____________________and

__________.

6–123 Endo/scopy is an important tool in establishing or confirming a Dx or de-

tecting a path/o/log/ical condition. A video recorder is commonly used during an

endo/scop/ic procedure to guide the endo/scope and document abnormalities.

Determine the word in this frame that means study of disease.

__________ / _____ / __________ / __________

6–124 The organ being examined dictates the name of the endoscopic procedure.

Visual examination of the colon is called col/o/scopy or

____________________ / _____ / ____________________.

Visual examination of the anus and rectum is called

____________________ / _____ / ____________________.

6–125 A colonoscopy involves examination of the entire length of the colon;

a sigmoidoscopy involves examination of only the lower third of the colon. (See

Fig. 6–5.) Sigmoid/o/scopy is used to screen for colon cancer. The American Cancer

Society recommends a first sigmoid/o/scopy after age 50. It is done sooner if there is

a family history (FH) of colon cancer.

Analyze sigmoid/o/scopy by defining its elements.

The CF sigmoid/omeans ____________________ ____________________.

The suffix -scopymeans ____________________ ____________________.

Frame 6–110to Frame 6–125

Lower GI Tract • CHAPTER 6 241241

stenosis

stĕ-NŌ-sĭs

rect/o

-stenosis

proct/itis

prŏk-TĪ-tĭs

rectum

RĔK-tŭm

rectum, anus

RĔK-tŭm, Ā-nŭs

path/o/log/ical

păth-ō-LŎJ-ĭ-kăl

colon/o/scopy

kō-lŏn-ŎS-kō-pē

proct/o/scopy

prŏk-TŎS-kō-pē

sigmoid colon

SĬG-moyd KŌ-lŏn

visual examination