Medical Terminology Simplified

Frame 9–1to Frame 9–3

Endocrine System • CHAPTER 9 399

FSH

LH

TSH

ACTH

GH

ADH

Oxytocin

Prolactin

Bones and general growth

Adrenal cortex

Thyroid

Testes

Ovaries

Mammary

glands

Uterus

Kidneys

Anterior

pituitary

Anterior pituitary hormones

Posterior

pituitary

Posterior pituitary hormones

Hypothalamus

Figure 9-2Hormones secreted by the anterior and posterior pituitary glands and their target organs.

9–2 Hormone secretion to a target organ is determined by the body’s need for the

hormone at any given time. These secretions are regulated by the body to prevent

overproduction (hyper/secretion) or underproduction (hypo/secretion). When the

body’s regulating mechanism dysfunctions, hormone levels become deficient or

excessive. These types of hormone imbalance cause various endocrine disorders.

List the term in this frame that is synonymous with

overproduction:____________________ / ____________________

underproduction:__________ / ____________________

9–3 Although all major hormones circulate to virtually all tissues, each hormone

exerts specific effects on its target organ. If a hormone has a specific effect on the

stomach, that hormone’s target organ is the stomach. If the hormone has a specific

effect on the heart, the target organ is the____________________.

hyper/secretion

hī-pĕr-sē-KRĒ-shŭn

hypo/secretion

hī-pō-sē-KRĒ-shŭn

heart