Medical Terminology Simplified

9–62 Determine the pancreat/ic hormone that

lowers blood glucose:____________________

increases blood glucose:__________

9–63 How does insulin lower blood glucose?

9–64 Gluc/ose is the chief source of energy for living organisms. Gluc/oand

glyc/oare CFs that mean sugar, sweetness.The suffixes -gen and -genesis mean

forming, producing, origin.

Combine glyc/oand -gen to form a word that means forming or producing sugar.

__________ / _____ / __________

9–65 Use -genesis to build words that mean forming, producing, or origin of sugar.

__________ / _____ / ____________________

__________ / _____ / ____________________

9–66 A gluc/o/meter is used to calculate blood glucose from one drop of blood.

An instrument used by patients with diabetes to monitor their blood glucose levels is

known as a__________ / _____ / ____________________.

Frame 9–59to Frame 9–66

Endocrine System • CHAPTER 9 413

TABLE 9-5PANCREATIC HORMONES

This table identifies pancreatic hormones, their target organs and functions, and associated disorders.

Hormone Target Organ and Functions Disorders

Glucagon

Insulin

• Liver and blood—increases blood glucose level by
  accelerating conversion of glycogen into glucose in the
  liver (glycogenolysis) and conversion of other nutrients
  into glucose in the liver (gluconeogenesis) and releasing
  glucose into the blood; converts glycogen to glucose


• Tissue cells—lowers blood glucose level by accelerating
  glucose transport into cells; converts glucose to glycogen
  
  
  • Persistently low blood sugar levels
    (hypoglycemia) may be caused by a
    deficiency in glucagon.
  
  
  • Hyposecretion of insulin causes
    diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  • Hypersecretion of insulin causes
    hyperinsulinism.
  
  
  
  

glyc/o/gen

GLĪ-kō-jĕn

gluc/o/genesis

gloo-kō-JĔN-ĕ-sĭs

glyc/o/genesis

glī-kō-JĔN-ĕ-sĭs

gluc/o/meter

gloo-KŎM-tĕr