Medical Terminology Simplified

10–96 Lumb/o/dynia is a ___________ in the lower back.

10–97 Examine the position of the five lumbar vertebrae in Figure 10–10, desig-

nated as L1 to L5 in medical reports. An obese person with weak abdominal muscles

tends to experience pain in the lower back area, or L1 to L5.

L5 refers to ____________________vertebra __________.

10–98 Below the lumbar vertebrae are five sacral vertebraethat are fused into a

single bone in the adult. The single bone is known as the (7) sacrumand the tail of

the vertebral column, the (8) coccyx.Label the sacrum and coccyx in Figure 10–10.

10–99 The CF sacr/omeans sacr/um. The suffix in the term sacr/ummeans

structure, thing.

Sacr/o/dynia is a ___________ in the sacrum.

Sacr/o/spin/al refers to the __________ / __________and

____________________.

10–100 Although the sacral vertebrae are fused into a single bone, to designate

the exact position of abnormalities on the sacrum, the labels S1 to S5 are used. The

first vertebra of the sacrum is designated as S1.

The fifth vertebra of the sacrum is designated as ___________.

10–101 A ruptured disk can cause severe pain, muscle weakness, or numbness in

either leg. The disk that most commonly ruptures is the L5 to S1 disk. L5 refers to

____________________ five.S1 refers to ____________________one.

Competency Verification:Check your labeling of Figure 10–10 in Appendix B: Answer Key, page 596.

Boldfaceindicates a word root or combining form. Blueindicates a suffix. Pinkindicates a prefix.

484 CHAPTER 10• Musculoskeletal System

pain

lumbar, five

LŬM-băr

pain

sacr/um, spine

SĀ-krŭm

S5

lumbar, sacrum

LŬM-băr, SĀ-krŭm