Medical Terminology Simplified

11–40 The tympan/ic membrane is stretched across the end of the ear canal and

vibrates when sound waves strike it.

The CFs for the tympanic membrane (eardrum) are

____________________ / _____ and ____________________ / _____.

11–41 Vibrations of the tympanic membrane are transmitted to the three audi-

tory bones in the middle ear: the (4) malleus,the (5) incus,and the (6) stapes.The

(7) eustachian (auditory) tubeleads from the middle ear to the nasopharynx and

permits air to enter or leave the middle ear cavity. Label and review the position of

the middle ear structures in Figure 11–4.

11–42 The CF salping/omeans tube (usually fallopian or eustachian [auditory]

tubes).Inflammation of the eustachian tube would be diagnosed as

____________________ / __________.

11–43 The eustachian tube equalizes air pressure in the middle ear with that of

the outside atmosphere. Air pressure must be equalized for the eardrum to vibrate

properly.

Build medical words that mean

instrument for examining the eustachian tube:

____________________ / _____ / ____________________

visual examination of the eustachian tube:

____________________ / _____ / ____________________

narrowing or stricture of the eustachian tube:

____________________ / _____ / ____________________

11–44 Components of the inner ear include the (8) cochleafor hearing,

the (9) semicircular canalsfor equilibrium, and the (10) vestibule,which is a

chamber that joins the cochlea and semicircular canals. Label inner ear structures

in Figure 11–4.

11–45 The inner ear, also called the labyrinth, consists of complicated, mazelike

structures, all of which contain the functional organs for hearing and equilibrium.

(See Fig. 11–5.)

Use your medical dictionary to define labyrinth and list two types of inner ear

labyrinths.

11–46 The CF ot/orefers to the ear. From ot/o/sclero/sis,determine the CF for

ear.

__________ / _____

Boldfaceindicates a word root or combining form. Blueindicates a suffix. Pinkindicates a prefix.

520 CHAPTER 11• Special Senses: Eyes and Ears

ot/o

salping/o/scope

săl-PĬNG-gō-skōp

salping/o/scopy

săl-pĭng-GŎS-kō-pē

salping/o/stenosis

săl-pĭng-gō-stĕn-NŌ-sĭs

salping/itis

săl-pĭn-JĪ-tĭs

tympan/o, myring/o