INDEX 489
X-ray crystallography, 344–345, 349,
351, 352t, 357–359
Histidine (His, H), 7–8, 32, 32f, 33f, 56 –
57, 57f
aconitase and, 452
as a hemoglobin ligand, see
hemoglobin
as a myoglobin ligand, see myoglobin
cytochrome b(6)f and, 386–387, 387t
cytochrome bc 1 and, 168 –169, 397
cytochrome c and, 117, 410 – 411, 415,
422
cytochrome c oxidase and, 131–132,
429–430, 435
cytochrome c oxidase model
compounds and, 439, 440, 441,
442, 453
hemoglobin model compounds and,
91
methane monooxygenase and,
459–460
modes of interaction with metal
ligands, 33f
myoglobin and, 147
nitrogenase and, 138
zinc fi ngers and, 63–72, 64f, 65f, 68f,
72t
Histone proteins, 53
Holoenzymes, 44, 54, 55
Homeostasis
alkali metals and, 189–190, 192, 193–
200, 198f
apoptosis and, 427
calcium and, 194–195
iron and, 466
iron regulatory proteins (IRP or
IRE) and, 455
phophorus and, 192–193
Homocitrate, 137f
Hoogsteen base pairs, 49, 244, 257
HPLC, 42, 149, 158
Human genome, 30, 41, 54, 57, 61– 64, 66
genetic transmission and, 53–56
Human Genome Project, 61– 63
Hybridization
DNA-RNA hybrids, 50, 72–73, 266,
281
molecular orbitals and, 164–165, 171–
173, 346–347, 347f, 373
Hydrogen bonds:
aconitase and, 454, 457t
Ca2+-ATPase and, 334–336
calmodulin and, 311, 317, 322, 324
characteristics of, 34, 422–423
cytochrome bc 1 and, 391, 399, 401,
403, 405, 406f, 407
cytochrome b(6)f and, 387, 387t
cytochrome c and, 422, 424–426
cytochrome c oxidase, 410 – 411, 415,
430 –435, 449
cytochrome P450 and, 363, 368–382
force fi elds and, 167
hemoglobin and, 350, 350f, 356, 358,
359
iron-sulfur clusters and, 169–170, 391
methane monooxygenase and, 459
Na+/K+-ATPase and, 201–203
nucleic acid base pairs and, 47, 49,
50f, 54, 55
potassium ion channels and, 211, 223,
228
protein secondary structure and, 34–
35, 36f, 37–38
ribozymes and, 240, 244–249,
250 –256, 253f, 264f, 265f, 272,
275–277, 275f, 285–287, 291–294,
297–299
zinc fi nger domains and, 65, 67–68,
72t
Hydrogen peroxide, 166, 289, 364, 410,
453
Hydrogenase, 4t, 6t, 22, 45, 66, 172,
388
Hydrolysis, 39, 45, 198–200, 198f, 290,
328, 337–338, 459
Hydroxyl ion, 4t
Hydroxyl radical, see footprinting,
hammerhead ribozyme
Hydroxylase, 5tImidazole, 16, 90 –91, 119, 135t, 169, 354,
355, 432
Imidazole nitrogen, 3t, 5t, 6t, 7–8, 16,
347, 350, 351–354, 351t, 352t, 386,
432
Immunoglobulins, 45
Inertness, 10–11
Infrared Raman spectroscopy, 78, 348