English Language Development

Figure 5.21. Language Conventions in Grade Five

Language Standard 1 Abbreviated Definitions and Examples

a. Explain the function of

conjunctions, prepositions, and

interjections in general and their

function in particular sentences.

Conjunctions (connecting words used to join single

words, phrases, and clauses): and, but, or, because,

although

Prepositions (words expressing temporal or spatial

relationships): before, until, over, around, through

Interjections (sudden, short exclamations): Ha! Alas!

Ouch!

b. Form and use the perfect verb

tenses.

Present Perfect (expresses an action begun in the past

and extending into the present): I have walked many

miles.

Past Perfect (expresses an action completed in the

past before a different past action) I had walked

home by the time she called.

Future Perfect (expresses an action that will be

completed in the future before a different future

action): I will have walked home by the time she

arrives.

c. Use verb tense to convey various

times, sequences, states, and

conditions.

Times: I will go tomorrow. I went yesterday.

Sequences: She completed her homework and then

went to her friend’s house.

States: Sammy was an energetic dog.

Conditions: If it rains, we will go to the movies. If it

had rained, we would be watching a movie right

now.

d. Recognize and correct

inappropriate shifts in verb tense.

He completed the project and shuts down the

computer is corrected to He completed the project

and shut down the computer.

e. Use correlative conjunctions. Word pairs that join words or groups of words of equal

weight in a sentence: either/or, whether/or, neither/

nor, just as/so

Language conventions of capitalization and punctuation taught in grade five (L.5.2) include the
following:

• Use punctuation to separate items in a series


• Use a comma to separate an introductory element from the rest of the sentence


• Use a comma to set off the words yes and no, to set off a tag question from the rest of the
  sentence, and to indicate direct address


• Use underlining, quotation marks, or italics to indicate titles of works

Grade 5 Chapter 5 | 471