English Language Development

Chapter 1 is really about...

• a girl struggling with cultural identity.


• a girl learning to confront difficult choices.


• a girl struggling with gender roles.
  Summary of Chapter 1:
  Julie is a girl of Eskimo ancestry who is learning to confront difficult cultural choices. To
  avoid the Eskimos tradition of an arranged marriage, she runs away into the vast Alaskan
  tundra.

CA CCSS for ELA/Literacy: RL.8.2; RI.8.2; W.8.5; SL.8.1

Source

Schoenbach, Ruth, Cynthia Greenleaf, and Lynn Murphy. 2012. Reading for Understanding: How Reading

Apprenticeship Improves Disciplinary Learning in Secondary and College Classrooms. 2nd ed., 222. San

Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Language Development

As noted in the overview of this chapter, academic language
spans all areas of ELA and ELD: reading, writing, speaking, and
listening. Knowledge of academic language is crucial for under-
standing written texts, lectures, and multimedia presentations
as well as producing written texts and oral presentations. Thus,
elements of academic language are addressed in the sections on
meaning making, effective expression, and content knowledge
for each grade. Students in grade eight are expected to read
and write more complex literary and informational texts, expand-
ing their content-area knowledge and actively developing their
academic vocabulary in disciplines such as history, science, and
other subjects. They
make meaning of words
and phrases that may be similar but hold different meanings
depending upon the academic context. Students in grade
eight are expected to understand and use sentence patterns
and verbs in active and passive voice and the conditional
and subjunctive mood to achieve particular effects in listen-
ing, speaking, reading, and writing (L.8.3a).
An example of a classroom activity that builds
metalinguistic awareness of language and its conventions
follows in figure 6.27.

Students in grade eight are

expected to understand and

use sentence patterns and verbs

in active and passive voice and

the conditional and subjunctive

mood to achieve particular

effects in listening, speaking,

reading, and writing.

Grade 8 Chapter 6 | 619