Muhammad, the Qur'an and Islam
[7] Guillaume, Muhammad, pp. 234 f; Ibn Sad, Classes, vol. 1, 2, pp. 278 f. Buhl shows, for example, that the pairing of Muhammad with Ali in these traditions must be fallacious, since both were not only
emigrants, but also close relatives; Buhl, Muhammeds, p. 208.
[8] Wellhausen, Medina, p. 33, where Muhammad is said to have thought
that he had only obligated the Ansar to defend Medina; cf. Ibn Sa`d,
Classes, vol. 2, 1, pp. 2 f. See, however, n. 165, below.
[9] Guillaume, Muhammad, p. 218; Ibn Sa`d, Classes, vol. 1, 1, p. 160.
[10] Ibn Sa`d, Classes, vol. 1, 2, p. 279.
[11] Buhl, Muhammeds, p. 231.
[12] Sahih Bukhari, vol. 7, pp. 241 f; Sahih Muslim, vol. 4, pp. 1534 f;
etc.
[13] Cf. e.g. Andrae, Mohammed, p. 140.
[14] See p. 166, n. 25.
[15] Buhl, Muhammeds, p. 231; Andrae, Mohammed, p. 139.
[16] See pp. 84, 164, above.
[17] Cf. Buhl, Muhammeds, p. 234.
[18] Guillaume, Muhammad, pp. 283 f; Ibn Sa`d, Classes, vol. 2, 1,
pp. 2 f; Tabari, History, vol. 7, pp. 10, 13; Wellhausen, Medina, p. 33.
[19] Tabari, History, vol. 7, pp. 6 f.
[20] Sad b. Abu Waqqas was said to have shot the first arrows for the Muslims, and it was he who was selected to lead the next raid; Guillaume, Muhammad, p. 281; Ibn Sad, Classes, vol. 2, 1, pp. 3 f; Tabari, History,
vol. 7, pp. 10 f, 12 f; Wellhausen, Medina, p. 33.