Advanced Automotive Technology: Visions of a Super-Efficient Family Car

TABLE 4-16: Characteristics of a PEM Fuel Cell

Intermediate-Size Vehicle in 2015

“Zero engine” body weight

Fuel cell rating (kW)

Cell weight (kg)

Power storage: power (kW)

Energy (kWh)

Weight (kg)

Total hybrid weight

EV range (for cold start)

Time at peak power (minutes)

Energy efficiency

(mpg, gasoline equivalent)

Price increment

($650/kWh)

($65 /kWh)

Bipolar

Lead Acid Battery

540.0

37.1

148.3

39.0

3.5

78

914.5

22.1

4.6

83.1

$38,750

$4,510

Ultracapacitor

540.0

30.8

131.2

116.4

0.9

58.2

893.4

5.2

1.2

85.5

$36,500

$4,920

SOURCE: Energy and Environmental Analysis, Inc.,“Automotive Technologies To Improve Fuel
Economy to 2015,” prepared for the Office of Technology Assessment, June 1995, p. 10-82.