Advices For Studying Organic Chemistry

2. IUPAC substitutive names for alcohols:
   
   
   1. Select the longest continuous carbon chain to which the hydroxyl is directly
      attached.
   
   
   2. Change the name of the alkane corresponding to this chain by dropping the final
      -e and adding the suffix -ol.
   
   
   3. Number the longest continuous carbon chain so as to give the carbon atom
      bearing the hydroxyl group the lower number.
   
   
   4. Indicate the position of the hydroxyl group by using this number as a locant;
      indicate the positions of other substituents (as prefixes) by using the numbers
      corresponding to their positions as locants.
   
   
   
   

3 2 1
CH^3 CH^2 CH^2 OH

CH 3 CHCH 2 CH 3

1234

CH 3 CHCH 2 CH 2 CH 2

OH

OH

OH

CH 3

5 4 3 2 1

3 2 1

1-Propanol 2-Butanol 4-Methyl-1-pentanol
(not 2-methyl-5-pentanol)

ClCH^2 CH^2 CH^2

CH 3 CHCH 2 CCH 3

OH CH 3

CH 3

12345

3-Chloro-1-propanol 4,4-Dimethyl-2-pentanol

3. Common radicalfunctional names for alcohols:
   
   
   1. Simple alcohols are often called by common names that are approved by the
      IUPAC.
   
   
   2. Methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, and other examples:
   
   
   
   

CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OH CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH

CH 3 CH 2 CHCH 3

OH

propyl alcohol Butyl alcohol sec-Butyl alcohol