Organic Chemistry

Memorizing Functional Groups

Chemical class

Group

Formula

GraphicalFormula

Prefix

Suffix

Example

Acyl halide

2

Haloformyl

RCOX

haloformyl-

-oyl halide

Acetyl chloride

3

(Ethanoyl chloride)

Alcohol

4

Hydroxyl

5

OH

hydroxy-

-ol

Methanol

6

Aldehyde

7

Aldehyde

8

RCHO

oxo-

-al

Acetaldehyde

9

(Ethanal)

Alkane

10

Alkyl

11

RH

n

alkyl-

-ane

Methane

12

Alkene

13

Alkenyl

14

R^2

C=CR

2

alkenyl-

-ene

Ethylene

15

(Ethene)

Alkyne

16

Alkynyl

17

RC

≡CR’

alkynyl-

-yne

Acetylene

18

(Ethyne)

Amide

19

Carboxamide

20

RCONR

2

carboxamido-

-amide

Acetamide

21

(Ethanamide)

2 Chapter

131.1

on page

421

3

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetyl%20chloride

4 Chapter

131.1

on page

421

5

https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Hydroxyl

6

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methanol

7 Chapter

131.1

on page

421

8 Chapter

131.1

on page

421

9

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetaldehyde

10 Chapter

131.1

on page

421

11

https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Alkyl

12

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methane

13 Chapter

131.1

on page

421

14 Chapter

131.1

on page

421

15

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethylene

16 Chapter

131.1

on page

421

17 Chapter

131.1

on page

421

18

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylene

19 Chapter

131.1

on page

421

20

https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Carboxamide

21

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetamide