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NOTES TO PAGES 3–11

4. Cited in ibid.


5. Ibid., 124–25.


6. Ibid., 125.


7. The notion is aptly demystified in ‘‘Islam, America, and Europe,’’ inThe Economist, June
   24, 2006.


8. Ibid.


9. Ibid.


10. Ibid.


11. Philippe Lacoue-Labarthe and Jean-Luc Nancy, eds.,Le Retrait du politique: Travaux du
    centre de recherches philosophiques sur le politique(Paris: Galile ́e, 1983);Retreating the Political, ed.
    Simon Sparks (London: Routledge, 1997).


12. See Hent de Vries,Religion and Violence: Philosophical Reflections from Kant to Derrida
    (Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2002).


13. Scott Shane, ‘‘Terrorism Has a Global Impact but Is Often Rooted in Local Disputes,’’ in
    The International Herald Tribune, July 17, 2006.


14. Robert Wright, ‘‘Progressive Realism: In Search of a Foreign Policy,’’ inThe International
    Herald Tribune, July 19, 2006. Wright attributes this view to Hans Morgenthau.


15. See my concluding chapter in Hent de Vries,Philosophy and the Turn to Religion(Balti-
    more: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999).


16. For deterritorialization, see Oliver Roy,Globalized Islam: The Search for the New Ummah
    (New York: Columbia University Press, 2004), 38. This book is a revised edition ofL’Islam mondia-
    lise ́(Paris: Seuil, 2002). Roy is hardly defending a present-day version of ‘‘Orientalism,’’ which he
    defines as ‘‘the prevailing discourse among Islamic intellectuals’’ and its ‘‘mirror vision that still
    dominates a part of Western Islamic studies,’’ namely, ‘‘the perception of Islam and of Muslim
    societies as one global, timeless cultural system’’ (Roy,The Failure of Political Islam, trans. Carol
    Volk [Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1994], vii). On the meaning ofOrientalism, see my
    lemma ‘‘Orientalism,’’ inEncyclopedia of Religion, 2d ed., ed. Lindsay Jones (New York: Macmillan,
    2005).


17. Roy,Globalized Islam, 39.


18. Ibid.


19. See the Global Attitudes Project of the Pew Research Center, reported inLe Monde, July
    18, 2005, and in ‘‘Muslims and Europe: Surprisingly Positive. Pew Finds Changes in Attitudes,’’ in
    The International Herald Tribune, July 7, 2006. See http://pewglobal.org/.
    20.The Economist, July 16, 2005. A year after the attack, a video was broadcast by the Qatar-
    based news channel al-Jazeera in which one of the purported suicide bombers, Shezad Tanweer,
    announces that ‘‘what you have witnessed now is only the beginning,’’ along with separate footage
    showing Ayman al-Zawahiri, Al Qaeda’s number two in command, who thus sought to take credit
    for the attacks (seeThe International Herald Tribune, July 7, 2006).


20. Recruitment of volunteers in the targeted country by means of video appeals such as
    the one referenced in n. 20 may inaugurate a next phase in the logic of terrorism’s de- and re-
    territorialization. See Jessica Stern, ‘‘Marketing Jihad: Al Qaeda Changes Its Pitch,’’ inThe Interna-
    tional Herald Tribune, July 17, 2006. Stern refers to Adam Gadahn, a young American who invokes
    the widely mediatized abuses of prisoners and the increasing number of civil victims in Iraq to
    impute responsibility to American citizens, addressing himself to prospective local recruits.


21. Olivier Roy, ‘‘The Ideology of Terror,’’The International Herald Tribune, July 23–24, 2005.


22. Roy,Globalized Islam, 33.


23. Roy,The Failure of Political Islam, ix.

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