untitled

NOTES TO PAGES 185–90

5. Joseph Strayer,Medieval Statecraft and the Perspectives of History(Princeton: Princeton Uni-
   versity Press, 1971).

Marc de Wilde, Violence in the State of Exception: Reflections on Theologico-Political
Motifs in Benjamin and Schmitt

1. Military Order on the Detention, Treatment, and Trial of Certain Non-Citizens in the War
   against Terrorism, November 13, 2001.


2. Giorgio Agamben,State of Exception, trans. Kevin Attell (Chicago: University of Chicago
   Press, 2005), 3–4.


3. Walter Benjamin, ‘‘Zur Kritik der Gewalt,’’ in Benjamin,Gesammelte Schriften, ed. and
   introd. Rolf Tiedemann and Hermann Schweppenha ̈user (Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1991),
   2.1:179–203; translated as Walter Benjamin, ‘‘Critique of Violence,’’ in Benjamin,Selected Writings,
   vol. 1,1913–1926, ed. Marcus Bullock and Michael W. Jennings (Cambridge: Harvard University
   Press, 1996), 236–52. Carl Schmitt,Politische Theologie: Vier Kapitel zur Lehre von der Souvera ̈nita ̈t
   (Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 1996); translated as Carl Schmitt,Political Theology: Four Chapters
   on the Concept of Sovereignty, trans. and introd. George Schwab (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1985). For
   these texts, page references will be given to both German and English versions in following notes,
   with the page number of the original language preceding the English one.


4. Martin Jay,The Dialectical Imagination: A History of the Frankfurt School and the Institute
   of Social Research, 1923–1950(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1996), 197–212.


5. Jan-Werner Mu ̈ller,A Dangerous Mind: Carl Schmitt in Post-War European Thought(New
   Haven: Yale University Press, 2003), 35–41.


6. In a letter to Schmitt dated December 9, 1930, Benjamin writes: ‘‘You will soon notice how
   much the book [Benjamin’sUrsprung des deutschen Trauerspiels] owes to your exposition of the
   doctrine of sovereignty’’ (in Benjamin,Gesammelte Schriften, 1.3: 887). In a short curriculum vitae,
   Benjamin emphasizes the influence of Schmitt’s analysis of the political and especially his ‘‘attempt
   to integrate phenomena... that only seemingly can be isolated according to fields’’ (in Siegfried
   Unseld, ed.,Zur Aktualita ̈t Walter Benjamins[Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1972], 46). Jacques
   Derrida mentions another letter, in which Schmitt expresses his gratitude to Benjamin for writing
   ‘‘Critique of Violence’’ (in Jacques Derrida,Force de Loi: Le ‘‘Fondement Mystique de l’Autorite ́’’
   [Paris: Galile ́e, 1994], 81; translated as Jacques Derrida, ‘‘Force of Law: The ‘Mystical Foundation
   of Authority,’ ’’ trans. Mary Quaintance, inDeconstruction and the Possibility of Justice, ed. Drucilla
   Cornell, Michel Rosenfeld, and David Gray Carlson [New York: Routledge, 1992], 29–30).


7. See Ge ́rard Raulet, ‘‘Die Gemeinschaft beim jungen Marcuse,’’ inIntellektuellendiskurse in
   der Weimarer Republik: Zur politischen Kultur einer Gemengelage, ed. Manfred Gangl and Ge ́rard
   Raulet (Frankfurt am Main: Campus, 1994), 101, and Wolfgang Essbach, ‘‘Radikalismus und Mod-
   ernita ̈t bei Ju ̈nger und Bloch, Luka ́cs und Schmitt,’’ in ibid., 149–50.


8. The argument can be found, e.g., in Karl Dietrich Bracher,Zeit der Ideologien: Eine Ge-
   schichte politischen Denkens im 20. Jahrhundert(Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1982), 154. See
   also Jeffrey Herf,Reactionary Modernism: Technology, Culture and Politics in Weimar and the Third
   Reich(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986).


9. See Benjamin, ‘‘Critique of Violence,’’ 190–91 / 244, and Carl Schmitt,Der Begriff des Poli-
   tischen(Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 1932), 37.


10. See Hent de Vries,Philosophy and the Turn to Religion(Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins
    University Press, 1999), 2.

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