Glossary
infused: From the Latin word for “poured in” (derived from Romans 5:5,
“The love of God is poured out in our hearts by the Holy Spirit which is
given to us”). This term is used in Roman Catholic theology, in contrast to
“acquired,” to describe graces, virtues, and activities of the soul that are not
acquired by effort and practice but bestowed by God and poured into the
soul by the grace of God. This Catholic concept of infused virtue is often
contrasted with the Protestant doctrine of forensic justi¿ cation, in which
believers receive the righteousness of Christ by imputation, not infusion.intelligibility: From the Latin term intellectus, which originally meant
“understanding.” This concept originated in Platonist philosophy, which
insisted on a fundamental contrast between sensible and intelligible things,
that is, things perceptible to the senses and things perceptible to the intellect
by a kind of intellectual vision or insight (as when we suddenly understand
a dif¿ cult mathematical concept and say, “Aha! Now I see it!”). In neo-
Platonism, intelligibility is also contrasted to the incomprehensibility of the
highest divine principle.irresistible grace: The Calvinist teaching of the Synod of Dordt, that when
God chooses to give grace to sinners, that choice is effective, in such a way
that even sinners who do not want grace are made willing to accept it, by the
power of grace itself. (See praevenient grace.)Jansenism: A 17th century French religious movement within Roman
Catholicism, centered in the Port Royal convent near Paris and advocating
the highly Augustinian theology of sin, grace, and predestination developed
by Cornelius Jansen, which was condemned by Rome because of its
af¿ nities with Calvinism yet survived for generations until it was effectively
suppressed by King Louis XIV.Jew: This word comes into English from a Greek word used in the New
Testament, Ioudaios, which literally means “Judean.” After the fall of the
Northern Kingdom consisting of ten tribes of Israel in 722 B.C., this term,
originally referring to people of the Southern Kingdom of Judah or Judea
ruled by kings in the lineage of David, became the term for all the surviving
people of Israel, that is, all 12 tribes descended from the 12 sons of Jacob
or Israel (which is another name for Jacob). Hence Jesus, coming from the