Glossary
Monothelitism: From the Greek phrase for “one will”: the teaching, rejected
by the orthodoxy, that Christ incarnate has only one will.Montanism: A Christian movement, calling itself “the New Prophecy,”
founded in Phrygia (in modern Turkey) in the late 2nd century by Montanus,
who designated himself the Paraclete, that is, the Holy Spirit. Its rejection by
the Great Church as a heresy meant that prophecy was no longer part of the
authority structure of the church as it had been in the New Testament.Moravians: A Protestant group from Moravia (in what is now the Czech
Republic) who, À eeing from persecution in the 1720s, settled on the lands of
Count Zinzendorf and accepted him as their pastor, bishop, and theologian.
Their missionary work was widespread and has resulted in churches in
America, England, and elsewhere.mysticism: Originally called “mystical theology,” a term taken from the
treatise of that name by Pseudo Dionysius, referring to aspects of God that
are hidden from human understanding because God is incomprehensible.
“Mystical theology” became an important term in medieval devotional
theology and eventually came to refer (for example, in the writings
of Theresa of Avila) to the theology of states of prayer that involve a
supra intellectual experience of God. Later, the term “mysticism” was
taken over in 19th- and 20th-century theories of religion and was used
to describe paranormal states of religious experience that need not be
speci¿ cally Christian.neo orthodoxy: A trend in 20th century theology originating in the dialectical
theology of the early Karl Barth and including such theologians as Rudolf
Bultmann, Paul Tillich, and Emil Brunner. It rejects the 19th century liberal
theology of consciousness in favor of a focus on how the divine human
encounter affects human existence (typically conceiving the latter in
existentialist terms). The later Barth rejected this existentialist focus and thus
broke with other Neo Orthodox theologians.neo-Thomism: (See Thomism.)