Arabic: An Essential Grammar

15.10 In contradiction to the above grammatical rule, in modern

literary Arabic two coordinated annexed nouns are often placed before

the annexer, e.g.

15.11 Remember that when a suffix pronoun is attached to any

of the four prepositions َم َع ma



a, ِع ْن َد



inda, َلـ َدى lada ̄ or ...َلـ...( ِلـ)

li- (la-), the expression may be equivalent to the English verb to have

(see chapter 11.10), e.g.

15.12 When the alternative form َي ... /...ya/ (see paragraph 15.7)

of the suffix pronoun for the first person singular is attached to a

preposition ending in

alif maqs

̇

u ̄rah (^) ى
ِ
..., they combine into يَّ ... /
...yya/, e.g.
15.13 When the suffix pronoun for the first person singular ـي ِ .../...ı ̄/
is attached to the two prepositions below, the final ْن ... /n/ of the
prepositions is doubled:
According to the rule In modern literary Arabic
يا َر ِة َو ِم ْف َتا ُح َهاَّسَّ َبا ُب ل يا َر ِةَّسَّ َبا ُب َو ِم ْف َتا ُح ل
ba ̄bu s-sayya ̄rati wa-mifta ̄h
̇
u-ha ̄
the door and the key of the car
ba ̄bu wa-mifta ̄h
̇
u s-sayya ̄rati
ر ُج ِل َو ُع ْم ُر ُهَِّإ ْس ُم ل ر ُج ِلَِّإ ْس ُم َو ُع ْم ُر ل


ismu r-rag ̆uli wa-

umru-hu
the name and age of the man


ismu wa-

umru r-rag ̆uli
يا َر ٌةَِّع ْن َد ُه َس ِك َتا ٌب َم َع ُه ْم َل ُه َب ْي ٌت َك ِبي ٌر

inda-hu sayya ̄ratun. ma

a-hum kita ̄bun. la-hu baytun kabı

• run.

He has a car. They have a book. He has a big house.

ِإَلى^

ila ̄, t o becomes: يَّ ِإَل

ila-yya, to me

َعَلى^



ala ̄, o n becomes: يَّ َعَل



ala-yya, on me

ِم ْن min, from becomes: نيَِّم minn-ı

• , from me

َع ْن^



an, about becomes: نيََّع



ann-ı

• , about me

Separate

personal

pronouns

and suffix

pronouns

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