Elementary particles—Cont.
mesons, 481
quantum numbers, 485 – 489
quarks, 489 – 494
resonance particles, 482 – 484
solar neutrino mystery, 480
Standard Model, 496
strangeness number, 486
Theory of Everything, 497
Em waves, 52 – 57
Emission line spectra, 128
Emitter, 367
Energy
alpha-particle, 433
asymmetry, 406
binding, 31, 399 – 403
cohesive, 339
coulomb, 340, 404, 405
disintegration, 433
equipartition of, 303
ionization, 134, 234
kinetic, 27, 29
mass and, 26–30
momentum and, 30–33
pairing, 407
photon, 66
quantization of, 207, 208
repulsive, 340
rest, 27
surface, 404
time and, 115, 116
total, 27, 30
volume, 404
Energy band, 348
Energy bands (alternate analysis), 369 – 376
Energy gap, 382
Energy level, 107
Energy levels, 133, 134
Enriched uranium, 455
Equipartition of energy, 59
Equipartition theorem, 303
Equivalence, 33, 34
Ethylene, 280, 281
eV, 32
Even-even nuclides, 398
Even-odd nuclides, 398
Excited state, 134
Exclusion principle, 231 – 233
Exercises, answers, 516 – 524
Expanding universe, 13, 14
Expectation values, 170 – 174Famous physicists. SeeBiographies
Faraday, Michael, 54
Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction, 383
Femtometer (fm), 392
Fermi, 392
Fermi, Enrico, 233, 235, 307, 310, 437, 452, 455
Fermi energy, 308, 327, 348
Fermi gas model, 417534 Index
Fermi-Dirac distribution function, 307, 308, 310
Fermi-Dirac statistics, 310, 455
Fermions, 235, 306, 307
Fermium, 455
FET, 367 – 369
Feynman, Richard P., 222
Field bosons, 494 – 496
Field-effect transistor (FET), 367 – 369
Fine structure, 229
Fine structure constant, 158
Finite potential well, 183, 184
Finnegan’s Wake(Joyce), 489
First Brillouin zone, 371
Fission fragments, 452
Fitzgerald, G.F., 41
Flat universe, 501
Flavor, 492
Fluorescence, 292, 293
Fluorescent lamp, 293
Flux quantization, 383
fm, 392
Forbidden band, 356 – 358, 372, 373
Forbidden transitions, 220
Forward bias, 362, 364
Fourier integral, 108
Fourier transform, 109
Four-level laser, 148, 149
Frame of reference, 2
Franck, James, 144
Franck-Hertz experiment, 144, 145
Free electrons in metal, 323 – 325
Frisch, Otto, 452
Fuller, R. Buckminster, 344
Functions, name of, 307
Fundamental interactions, 475
Fusion reactors, 463 – 467
Future of the universe, 498 – 501GaAs, 361
Galaxies, 88, 89
Galilean transformation, 37, 38
Gallium, 360
Gamma decay, 421, 440, 441
Gamma rays, 81, 440
Gamow, George, 391, 403, 434, 435
GaP, 361
Gate, 368
Gaussian distribution, 110
Gaussian function, 110
GBq, 422
Geiger, Hans, 120, 121, 157
Gell-Mann, Murray, 486, 487, 489
General theory of relativity, 33 – 36
Geological dating, 429
Georgi, Howard, 495
Gerlach, Walter, 232
Germanium, 344, 360, 361, 364
Germer, Lester, 104
GeV, 32
Gigabecquerel (GBq), 422bei48482_ind.qxd 3/6/02 1:25 AM Page 534