G67 J W 1 ii 29’ um-ma-a-ni OV(l) – W has the wrong vowel marking the oblique plural. (^544)
1 ii 23 um-ma-nu
G68 J 1 ii 29’ ka-li-šú-nu OV – Different spelling of the possessive pro-
W 1 ii 23 ˹ ka-li-šu˺-n[u nominal suffix.
G69 J 1 ii 31’ ú-šá-az-na-an-nu OV – Repetition of final consonant at the
W 1 ii 25 ú-šá-az-na-nu morpheme boundary in J. 545
G70 J W 1 ii 31’ šá-mu-ut OV(l) – Lack of case vowel in J against wrong case vowel in W. (^546)
1 ii 25 šá-mu-t[u
G71 J T 1 ii 32’ pi-ḫe KA-ka SV(1) – Lexical interchange.^547
W^1 ii 22 1 ii 26a pi-pi-ḫḫe KA-ka e giš MÁ
G72 J W 1 ii 34’ ú-šá-az-na-na SV(1) – Difference in grammatical forms, read as a lexical interchange. (^548)
1 ii 27 i-za-an-na-nu
G73 J T 1 ii 34’ šá-mu-ut OV(l) – Lack of case vowel in J and T against the wrong case vowel in W. (^549)
W^1 ii 24 1 ii 27 [ u]t šá-mu-tu
(^543) The arrangement of syllables reflects the orthographic patterns given as (c) and (e) in A.R. George, (^) Gil-
gamesh 544 , 438.
The form in J is read as the genitive plural nomens rectum following the plural nomens regens, normal-
ised as mārī ummanī, “craftsmen.” Against this W has the nominative case vowel, or /u/ for geni-
tive/oblique plural, 545 cf. A.R. George, Gilgamesh, 440.
546 This is a feature of unusual Kuyunjik orthography according to A.R. George, Gilgamesh, 440.
Both sources have unexpected orthographies. J lacks a case vowel entirely which can be considered a
peculiar feature of Standard Babylonian (cf. J. Huehnergard, Grammar, 598). W has /u/ for genitive singu-
lar, which can be considered an unusual Kuyunjik spelling ( 547 cf. A.R. George, Gilgamesh, 440).
The term in J and T is babka, “your hatch/door,” against W elippuka, “your boat.” In the context there is
very little change in the contextual meaning between the sources, even though in isolation the semantic
range of the words is significantly different. 548
The difference in grammatical forms between the sources amounts to a lexical interchange. J has III/1
preterite √zananu, “he will bring down rain,” against I/1 present future √zananu, “he will continually rain”
in W. 549
See the same type of variation above, note.
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