Manual of Clinical Nutrition Management III-i Copyright © 2013 Compass Group, Inc.
III. CLINICAL NUTRITION MANAGEMENT
Introduction ...................................................................................................................................................... III- 1
Table III-1: Conclusion Grading Characteristics ................................................................................... III- 1
Table III-2: Grading Implications For Practice ...................................................................................... III- 2
Anticoagulant Therapy .................................................................................................................................. III- 3
Table III-3: Foods Rich in Vitamin K .......................................................................................................... III- 4
Burns .................................................................................................................................................................... III- 6
Cancer ............................................................................................................................................................... III- 10
Table III-4: Cancer Treatments with Potential to Affect Nutritional Status ...........................III- 11
Table III-5 : Suggested Nutrition Interventions ..................................................................................III- 12
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ............................................................................................. III- 16
Corticosteroid Therapy .............................................................................................................................. III- 20
Table III-6: Dietary Interventions for Side Effects of Corticosteroids .......................................III- 20
Monitoring in Diabetes Mellitus .............................................................................................................. III- 21
Diabetes Mellitus: Considerations for Exercise ................................................................... III- 23
Diabetes Mellitus: Considerations for Acute Illness ........................................................... III- 25
Diabetes Mellitus: Gastrointestinal Complications ............................................................ III- 27
Diabetes Mellitus: Oral Glucose-Lowering Medications And Insulin ............................. III- 29
Table III-7: Glucose-Lowering Agents .....................................................................................................III- 29
Table III-8: Human Insulins .........................................................................................................................III- 31
Diabetes Mellitus: Fat Replacers and Nutritive/Nonnutritive Sweeteners ................... III- 32Dysphagia ........................................................................................................................................................ III- 35
Relationship of Dysphagia to the Normal Swallow ............................................................. III- 37
Enteral Nutrition: Management of Complications ............................................................................ III- 38
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) ........................................................................................... III- 40
Table III-9: Therapeutic Approaches For GERD .................................................................................III- 40
Heart Failure .................................................................................................................................................. III- 42
HIV Infection and AIDS ............................................................................................................................... III- 46
Table III-10: Evaluation Criteria for Weight and Body Composition Changes ......................III- 49
Table III-11: HIV Medications .....................................................................................................................III- 52
Table III-12:-Nutrition Management Strategies..................................................................................III- 56
Hypertension.................................................................................................................................................. III- 62
Table III-13: JNC 7 Classification of Blood Pressure for Adults ....................................................III- 62
Table III-14: JNC 7 Classification and Management of Blood Pressure For Adults ..............III- 63
Table III-15: Causes of Hypertension ......................................................................................................III- 63
Table III-16: Evidence Supporting Lifestyle Modifications to Manage Hypertension ........III- 65
Table III-17: DASH Eating Plan ..................................................................................................................III- 66
Table III-18: DASH Eating Plan–Number of Servings for Other Energy Levels .....................III- 68
Hypertriglyceridemia ................................................................................................................................. III- 70
Table III-19: Recommendations for Elevated Triglyceride Levels ..............................................III- 71
Hypoglycemia................................................................................................................................................. III- 72
Inborn Errors of Metabolism .................................................................................................................... III- 74