Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt

modern settlement of Nazlet el-Simman. The valley tem-
ple had a black-green basalt pavement, 180 feet long, and
mud-brick walls 26 feet wide.
Subsidiary pyramids were placed near the Great
Pyramid, one belonging to Queen HETEPHERES(1), the
second to Queen MERITITES(1), and another belonging to
Queen HENUTSEN. This last pyramid was provided with a
mortuary chapel on the eastern side. A fourth finished

pyramid has not been identified, and there are two other

such tombs, not completed. Another subsidiary pyramid

was situated at the southeastern corner of the Great Pyra-

mid. This was probably designed for Khufu’s KAor for his

HEB-SEDmemorial, the commemoration of the decades of

his reign.

Five boat pits have been discovered around the Great

Pyramid, two of which contained Khufu’s barks. Seventy

146 Giza

0 150 Meters

0 500 Feet

Sharia al-Ahram

(Avenue of the Pyramids)

western

mastaba field

tomb of Hemiunu

(vizier of King Khufu)

pyramid of Khufu

pyramid of Khafré

mastabas

boat

pits

modern village of

Nazlet el-Simman

Hetepheres’ tomb causeway

easte rn

mastaba

field

eastern

mastaba

field

RRoock-Cut

ck-Cut

TTombsombs

rock-cut

tombs

py

ra

m

ids

of

qu

ee

ns

py

ra

m

ids

of

qu

ee

ns

mortuary temple

causeway temple

GrGreat Sphinxgreat sphinxeat Sphin x

sphinx

temple

valley temple

central field

of mastabas and

rock-cut tombs

tomb of Khamerernebti II

(queen of Khafré)

sarcophagus-shaped

tomb of Queen

Khentikaus I

valley temple

causeway

subsidiary pyramid

enclosure walls

builders’

quarters

rock-

cut

tombs

pyramid of Menkauré

pyramids of queens

rock-cut

tombs

mortuary temple

boat pits

Layout of the Giza Plateau