An introduction to Japanese - Syntax, Grammar & Language

(Joyce) #1
4.4. ENRICHMENT 205

means ”only” in the ”at least”/”as long as only” way:

”Even children know this.”

”Even Confucius was not free of flaws.”

”As long as (you) (merely) have money, (you) can (just) take it easy.”


  • Not even


This particle is related to in the similar way that and are
related, and is followed by a negative to express a ”not even” construction:

”(I) cannot even write a leĴer to (my) satisfaction.”

This particle is considered rather literary.


  • Emphasis


This particle, while a combination of + , doesn’t actually act as a simi-
larity marker as you might expect, but instead is actually used to stress the
preceding noun or noun phrase in a sentence:

”It’s (exactly) as you say.”

This particle comes after
constructions.
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