Chemistry of Essential Oils

32 THE CHEMISTEY OF ESSENTIAL OILS

by Baker and Smith.

1

The yield of oil was 11*64 per cent, having the-

following characters:—

Specific gravity at f£° C 0-8629

Kotation aD in 100 mm. tube + 20-2°

Refractive index at 16° G. C.1*4766

Thirty c.c. of the oil were distilled under atmospheric pressure, when

nothing came over below 155° C.; between 155° and 156° C., 53'3 per

cent, distilled; and between 156° and 159° C., 33*3 per cent, more came

over. The residue in the flask, 13*3 per cent., was also determined.

The first fraction had the following characters :—

Specific gravity at fp C 0'8625

Kotation aD + 14-4°

Refractive index at 17° C. 1-4755

The second fraction had the following characters :—

Specific gravity at lf ° 0C0-8603

Rotation ouaD+ 20*4°

Refractive index at 17°C. ... .... 1-4763

The portion remaining in the flask had the following characters :—

Specific gravity at $£° C 0-8610

Rotation aD + 38-6°

Refractive index at 17° C 1-4791

Pinene was the only constituent identified.

In addition to the above described turpentine oils, the following, al-

though not of considerable importance, are of some interest :—

Origin.

Spanish—

Pinus lialepensis. )

„ pinaster.. /

(^2) Algerian—
Pinus halepensis
Mexican 3
Philippine—
Pinus insularis.
Burmese—
Pinus Khasyjb.
„ Merkiisii.

• Japanese—
  Pinus Thunbergii
  Various—
  Picea excelsa
  5
  " Strasburg Turpentine Oil"—
  6 Abies Alba.
  Venetian Turpentine Oil—
  7 Lariv decidua.
  Canada Balsam Oil —
  Abies balsamea (and other
  species) ....
  Oregon Balsam Oil—
  Pseudotsuga Douglasii
  Specific
  Gravity.

0-860

0-860-0-863

—

0'869

0-863

0-861

—

0-863-0-870

0-860-0-861

0-865-0-878

0-862-0-865

0-858-0-882

Rotation.

- 9°

+ 45° to +48°

+ 34°

+ 13° to + 28°

+ 36°

+ 32°

—

+ 3° to - 12°

—

• 8° to - 12°


• 25° to - 38°


• 30° to - 48°

Refractive

Index.

1-4654

1-4638-1-4660

—

1-4700

= }

—

—

—

1-4700

1-4730-1-4765

1-4730

Constituents.

—

d-pinene

limonene (?)

d-a-pinene;

£-pinene

d-a-pinene

a-pinene, di-

pentene,

limonene

a-pinene

a-pinene

/-a-pinene

Z-a-pinene

2

4 80 per cent, distils at 155° to 156°.

Distils chiefly at 165°.

1
3 The Pines of Australia, 386.
5 96 per cent, distils between 154° and 165-5°.
6 Distils chiefly at 162° to 163°.
60 per cent, distils from 157° to 161°; 20 per cent, from 161° to 164°, and 6 per cent,
from 164° to 168°.

(^7) Distils chiefly between 160° and 167°.