Chemistry of Essential Oils

86 THE CHEMISTEY OF ESSENTIAL OILS

Carvone is also present in small amount. The principal constituents

of the oil, however, are geraniol and perillic alcohol, C 10 H 16 O.

Schimmel & Co. * give the following figures for a number of typical

samples of both oils:—

No.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10

Place of

Production.

Chi tar

Kumbi

Mohana 0

Naoli

Ragarwal 0

Udhala 0

Astumber.

Bandhera

Chanseli.

Rapapur.

D

15°.

0-8904

0-8911

0-8906

0-8903

0-8946

0-8906

0-9396

0-9372

0-9392

0-9533

\j.

- 0° 6'

- 0° 5'

-0°20'

- 0° 15'

- 1° 20'

-0°35'

- 19° 42'

- 15° 20'

- 38° 47'

- 27° 15'

ND

20°.

Acid

No.

Ester

No.

Total

Geraniol.

Palmarosa Oils (Motia Oils).

1-47225

1-47176

1-47264

1-47205

1-47382

1-47225

0-8

1-0

0-8

0-5

0-8

0-8

39-8

47-3

34-8

40-7

38-4

38-7

Per Cent.

91-5

90-7

92-0

93-0

88-2

92-4

Ginger-grass Oils (Sofia Oils).

1-48996

1-48967

1-49082

1-49252

6-2

2-0

5-3

4-5

10-2

10-0

8-0

8-8

39-2

42-6

41-1

48-1

Solubility in

70 °/ 0 Alc ohol.

1-5 vol.

1-5 „

1-5 „

1-5 „

1-5 „

1-5 „

2-2 vols. if more

cloudy.

2-1 vols. if more

opalescent.

2*2 vols. if more

cloudy.

1*8 vols. if more

cloudy.

LESSEE-KNOWN CYMBOPOGON OILS.
Fiji distilled oils, probably from Cymbopogon coloratus,'
2
have been
found to have the following characters :—

Specific gravity

Optical rotation

Geraniol

Citronellal.

0-9111 to 0*920

• 7° 43' „ - 10° 42'
  15 *6 per cent.
  45-7 to 49-5 per cent.
  Another sample, however, examined at the Imperial Institute had
  the following approximate composition :—

Terpenes

Aldehydes, chiefly citral

Geraniol 2 3

Esters, chiefly geranyl acetate

Acetic acid

Phenols 0

Substances not identified

7*5

40

23

10

0-75

0-75

18

per cent.

Four samples of the oil from Cymbopogon polyneuros from Ceyloiv

were found, on examination at the Imperial Institute

3

to have the

following characters:—

1. 
   
   
   
   2. 
      
      
      
      3. 
         
         
         
         4. Specific gravity.. 0-942 0-951 0-936 0*943
            Rotation
            Total alcohols.. ,
            Solubility in 80 per cent
            alcohol.
         
         
         
         
      
      
      
      
   
   
   
   

44 per cent.

1 in1

+ 50° 39'

44 per cent.

1 in 1

+ 53° 15'

38-7 per cent.

1 in 1

+ 30° 53

i

51-8 per cent.

1 in l

Cymbopogon Schoenantlmis yields the so-called " camel grass" oiL

1

Report, April, 1910, 85. 3

Ibid.

'2Bull. Imp. Instit., 10 (1912), 27.