clearstory: A row of windows in an outside wall that provides lighting in a
church. Also spelled clerestory.
collage: A composition made of cut and pasted materials.
Constructivism: Artistic movement initiated in Russia that emphasized
abstract works inspired by modern machinery.
Counter-Reformation: The reform movement within the Catholic Church
brought on by the Protestant Reformation.
Cubism: A movement in modern painting that sought to show multiple views
of an object on a À at surface; characterized by fragmented, geometric forms.
cupola: A small rounded structure (a small dome) traditionally built on top
of a church roof.
Dada: A 20th-century movement in art in reaction to World War I that
emphasized the illogical and the absurd.
de stijl (Dutch): Literally, “the style”; an art movement of the early 20th
century that emphasized the use of rectangular forms and primary colors
and was concerned with the integration of painting and sculpture with
architecture and industrial design.
diptych: An altarpiece consisting of two hinged panels that could be opened
and closed.
Doge (Venetian or Genoese dialect): “Duke,” signifying the head of state.
donor: The person who commissioned a work of art and whose portrait,
along with portraits of other family members, may sometimes be included
in a composition.
drypoint: A printmaking technique that involves incising a design into
a metal plate using a sharp steel needle; the plate is then inked to create