72 Highway Engineering
3.7 Summary,
This chapter summarises the main types of methodologies for assessing the
desirability both in economic and in environmental/social terms of construct-
ing a highway proposal. While the economic techniques may have been the first
to gain widespread acceptance, there is now a broad awareness, both within the
UK and in Europe as a whole, as well as the US, that highway appraisal must
be as inclusive a process as possible. Such concerns were the catalyst for the
introduction of the environmental impact assessment process. This inclusiveness
requires that the deliberations of as many as possible of the groupings affected
by the proposed scheme should be sought, and that the scheme’s viability should
be judged on as broad a range of objectives/criteria as possible.3.8 References,
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Studies. EDI Series in Economic Development, Johns Hopkins University Press,
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schemes.The Stationery Office, London.
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Hill, M. (1973) Planning for Multiple Objectives: An Approach to the Evaluation of Trans-
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