Textbook of Personalized Medicine - Second Edition [2015]

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Pharmacogenomics and Drug Discovery

The impact of new technologies at various stages of the drug discovery process is
shown schematically in Fig. 5.1. This scheme shows that genomic technologies and
pharmacogenomics play an important role in drug discovery and development.
Analysis of SNP data has already led to the identifi cation of several precandidate
genes potentially useful for drug discovery. Information obtained from study of the
function of genes, their interactions, their role in biological pathways, as well as
their variability among the population can be utilized in drug discovery. An under-
standing of gene expression changes from normal tissues through the disease devel-
opment process among different populations provides possible targets for drug
development.

DISCOVERY TO CLINIC NEW TECHNOLOGIES

Molecular target

identification

Hit/lead

feasibility

Optimized lead

Clinical trial

candidate

Registered

personalized

medicine

Molecular biology

Genomics

Genetics

HTP screening

Combinatorial chemistry

Structural biology

ADME

Gene expression arrays

Proteomics

Molecular imaging

Genotyping

Pharmacogenomics

Pharmacogenetics

Fig. 5.1 Impact of new technologies at various stages of the drug discovery process

5 Pharmacogenomics