Analytical Chemistry

cont'd.

Table 8.4

Element Flame AA Hg/ Hydride GFAA ICP Emission ICP-MS

Rh 4 20 0.02

Ru 70 4 0.05

S 50 500

Sb 30 0.1 0.2 60 0.02

Sc 20 0.2 0.08

Se 70 0.02 0.2 60 0.5

Si 60 0.4 3 10

Sm 2 000 0.04

Sn 100 0.2 40 0.03

Sr 2 0.02 0.05 0.02

Ta 1 000 20 0.02

Tb 600 0.01

Te 20 0.02 0.1 50 0.04

Th 0.02

Ti 50 1 0.5 0.06

Tl 9 0.1 40 0.02

Tm 10 0.01

U 10 000 10 0.01

V 40 0.2 2 0.03

W 1 000 20 0.06

Y 50 0.2 0.02

Yb 5 0.03

Zn 0.8 0.01 1 0.08

Zr 300 0.8 0.03

All detection limits are given in micrograms per litre and were determined using elemental standards in dilute aqueous

solution. Atomic absorption (Model 5100) and ICP emission (Plasma II) detection limits are based on a 95% confidence

level (2 standard deviations) using instrumental parameters optimized for the individual element. ICP emission detection

limits obtained during multielement analyses will typically be within a factor of 2 of the values shown. Cold vapour

mercury AA detection limits were determined using an MHS-20 mercury/hydride system with an amalgamation

accessory. Furnace AA (Zeeman/5100) detection limits were determined using STPF conditions and are based on 100 μL

sample volumes. ICP-MS (ELAN) detection limits were determined using operating parameters optimized for full mass

range coverage and a 98% confidence level (3 standard deviations). ICP-MS detection limits using operating conditions

optimized for individual elements are frequently better than the values shown. ICP-MS detection limits for fluorine and