Cliffs AP Chemistry, 3rd Edition

Ionic Bonding

Key Terms

Words that can be used as topics in essays:

anions

atomic orbital model

bond energy

cation

chelates

complex ion

coordination number

Coulomb’s law

crystal-field model

crystal-field splitting energy

dissociation constant, Kd

electronegativity

free radical

high-spin complex

inert complex

ionic radius

isoelectronic

labile complex

lattice energy

ligand

low-spin complex

noble-gas structure

orbital diagram

polarity

polydentate ligand

spectrochemical series

valence electron

Key Concepts

Equations and relationships that you need to know:

• % ionic character
  dipole moment of X

X

100

calculated Y

measured dipole moment of Y

= +-: %

+-

net dipole moment = charge ×distance

Coulomb’s law: E. r

QQ

=231 10#:-^19 Jnmcm^12

k r

QQ

lattice energy= dn^12 k= constant

Q 1 and Q 2 — charges on the ions

r = shortest distance between centers of cations and anions